First published in 1944, Orban’s Oral Histology and Embryology has become the classic text for successive generations of dental students. While retaining the same fundamentals and lucid writing style, this book reflects the current advances and latest curriculum offered in Indian universities. In fourteenth edition, all the chapters have been thoroughly revised and updated discussing biological aspects of oral tissues and emphasizing on clinical relevance of oral histological aspects
Table of Contents
Preface to the fourteenth edition
An overview of oral tissues
Development of tooth
Enamel
Dentin
Pulp
Cementum
Periodontal ligament
Alveolar bone
Temporomandibular joint
Maxillary sinus
Eruption and shedding of teeth
Oral mucosa
Salivary glands
Lymphoid tissue and lymphatics of orofacial region
Age changes in oral tissues
Study of oral tissues
Development of face and oral cavity
Origin of facial tissues
Development of facial prominences
Final differentiation of facial tissues
Clinical considerations
Summary
Review questions
References
Development and growth of teeth
Dental lamina
Tooth development
Developmental stages
Histophysiology
Molecular insights in tooth morphogenesis
Clinical considerations
Summary
Review questions
References
Enamel
Histology
Clinical considerations
Development
Clinical considerations
Summary
Review questions
References
Dentin
Physical and chemical properties
Structure
Primary dentin
Secondary dentin
Tertiary dentin
Incremental lines
Interglobular dentin
Granular layer
Innervation of dentin
Permeability of dentin
Age and functional changes
Development
Clinical considerations
Summary
Review questions
References
Pulp
Anatomy
Structural features
Functions
Differences in primary and permanent pulp tissues
Regressive changes (aging)
Development
Clinical considerations
Summary
Review questions
References
Cementum
Physical characteristics
Chemical composition
Cementogenesis
Structure
Cementodentinal junction
Cementoenamel junction
Functions
Hypercementosis
Clinical considerations
Summary
Review questions
References
Periodontal ligament
Development
Periodontal ligament homeostasis
Cells
Extracellular substance
Structures present in connective tissue
Functions
Age changes in periodontal ligament
Unique features of periodontal ligament
Clinical considerations
Summary
Review questions
References
Bone
Classification of bones
Composition of bone
Bone histology
Bone cells
Bone formation
Bone resorption
Bone remodeling
Alveolar bone
Development of alveolar process
Structure of the alveolar bone
Internal reconstruction of alveolar bone
Age changes
Clinical considerations
Therapeutic considerations
Summary
Review questions
References
Oral mucous membrane
Classification of oral mucosa
Functions of oral mucosa
Definitions and general considerations (flowchart 10.1)
Structure of the oral epithelium
Subdivisions of oral mucosa
Gingival sulcus and dentogingival junction
Development of oral mucosa
Age changes in oral mucosa
Clinical considerations
Summary
Review questions
References
Salivary glands
Structure of terminal secretory units
Classification and structure of human salivary glands
Development and growth
Control of secretion
Composition of saliva
Functions of saliva
Clinical considerations
Summary
Review questions
References
Lymphoid tissue and lymphatics in orofacial region
Introduction to lymphatic system
Types of lymphoid tissues
Development of lymph nodes and lymphatics
Functions of the lymphatic system
Lymph nodes
Lymphatic vessels and capillaries
Blood vessels of lymph nodes
Clinical significance of lymph nodes
Lymph
Tonsils
Lymphatic drainage of head and neck
Summary
Review questions
References
Tooth eruption
Pattern of tooth movement
Histology of tooth movement
Mechanism of tooth movement (theories of tooth eruption)
Clinical considerations
Summary
Review questions
References
Shedding of deciduous teeth
Definition
Pattern of shedding
Histology of shedding
Mechanism of resorption and shedding
Clinical considerations
Summary
Review questions
References
Temporomandibular joint
Gross anatomy
Development of the joint
Histology
Clinical considerations
Summary
Review questions
References
Maxillary sinus
Definition
Developmental aspects
Developmental anomaliesStructure and variations
Microscopic features (box 16.2)
Functional importance
Clinical considerations
Summary
Review questions
References
Age changes in oral tissues
Theories of aging
Age changes in enamel
Age and functional changes in dentin
Age changes in pulp
Age changes in periodontium
Changes in periodontal ligament
Age changes in cementum
Age changes in alveolar bone
Change in dental arch shape
Age changes in oral mucosa
Salivary gland function and aging
Clinical considerations
Summary
Review questions
References
Histochemistry of oral tissues
Overview of histochemical techniques
Structure and chemical composition of oral tissues
Histochemical techniques
Histochemistry of oral hard tissues
Histochemistry of oral soft tissues
Clinical considerations
Summary
Review questions
References
Preparation of specimens for histologic study
Preparation of sections of paraffin-embedded specimens
Preparation of sections of parlodion-embedded specimens
Preparation of ground sections of teeth or bone
Preparation of frozen sections
Types of microscopy
Summary
Review questions
References
APPENDIX
Molecular events in oral histology
Cellular and molecular events in eruption
Molecular biological factors in periodontal ligament homeostasis
Bone: Molecular aspects of its structure and regulation of osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity